Sash-lock



Patented Apr. 25, I899.

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JOSEPH R. PAYSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SASH-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 623,620, dated April 25, 1899.

Application filed January 8, 1898. Serial No. 666,005. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH R. PAYSON, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sash-Locks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improvementsrelating to a sash-lock adapted for use upon the meeting-rails of window-sashes and the like, the objects of the-invention being to provide a lock that can be securely fastened by merely pulling forward a lockingarm without any secondary or additional movement or locking device, also one that can be unlocked by merely pushing backward said lockingarm, and also one that indicates at a glance by the appearance of the lock and the position of the parts thereof whether the sashes are locked or not.

Incidentally, of course, the invention aims to cheapen the manufacture and bring the lock into compact and ornamental shape or form.

To such end the invention consists in certain features of novelty and improvement which will be fully described and claimed in the following specification.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings by means of five figures, of which- Figure 1 is a perspective of the preferred form of my improved sash-lock, showing the samein position upon portions of the meetingrails of two window-sashes. Fig. 2 is afront elevation of the back plate of the lock and the parts connected therewith, showing said parts in the position assumed by them when thelock is unlocked. Fig. 3 is a vertical section in line 3 3 of Fig. 2, showing the locking parts in their locked position and showing the front plate in cooperative relation thereto. Fig.4 is a top plan of the front and back plates and a spring held in the back plate; and Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3, with the exceptions that the locking-arm is shown in side elevation and in a position intermediate between the locked and unlocked positions.

In the drawings the meeting-rail of the lower sash is lettered A and that of the upper sash B.

O is a plate adapted to be attached to the rail A and commonly called the front plate.

with.

D is a plate adapted to be attached to the rail B and commonly called theback plate. Upon the rear portion of the front plate 0 is' a substantially vertical lug or flange E, approximately parallel with the meeting-rails, and upon the back plate are two vertical tongues or lugs F F, substantially at right angles to said meeting-rails and arranged parallel to each other and having their outer surfaces preferablyin the planes of the opposite ends of the flange E. The tops and rear edges of the lugs F F are joined by a curve substantially concentric about an axis indicated by pivot-holesff in the two lugs and a pivot G, secured in said holes. Upon this pivot is secured a swinging arm H, extended into a segmental hook h, which terminates in a handle h. The segmental hook has an internal curved surface substantially parallel with the pivot G and preferably having a portion 72/2 eccentric to said pivot and a portion 71 concentric there- 'lhe portion 7L2 diverges from said pivot toward the end of the hook, and the internal surface of the hook as a whole is intended to engage with the upper portion of the vertical flange E, the movement of the eccentric or cam-shaped portion 7L2 over the top of the flange being adapted to draw the back plate upward and forward and the function of the concentric portion it being to permit the final forward movement of the hook to be made without further motion of the meeting-rails. This is of double advantage. In the first place it removes any possibility of picking the lock or of its unlocking itself because of any jarring or shaking, however prolonged, and in the second place it makes the final forward movement of the handle easier than the prior movement, enabling the operator to tell readily when the sashes are securely locked.

The top of the vertical flange E is arranged as nearly as possible in the plane of the pivot G and some little distance above said pivot, so that the upward movement of the lower sash or the downward movement of the upper sash cannot disengage the lock. As a result of this arrangement the insertion of a tool and the pressing upward with the same against the internal curved surface of the hook also has no tendency to unlock the swinging arm. It is of course impossible to put the top of the vertical flange and the pivotin the same vertical plane, as in that case it would be impossible for the two sashes to be moved one past the other, which is often necessary in cleaning. The degree of approximation toward the same vertical plane is not material, except that it shall be sufficient to accomplish the result above referred to. This arrangement of the pivot and the point of engagement between the arm and the vertical flange does not interfere with the holding of the sashes against lateral movement with respect to each other, because such movement necessarily draws down the hook upon the flange, tending to crowd down the lower sash or crowd up the upper sash, which is not permitted by the window-frame.

The pivoted end of the locking-arm is preferably squared about the pivot, so that the extreme end may have a horizontal under surface it when the sashes are locked and an adjacent surface 7L5, which becomes substantially horizontal when the sashes are unlocked. In a suitable recess 12 in the back plate a horizontal spring I is placed, arranged to press upward upon the pivoted end of the locking-arm, thus tending to assist the final movement of said arm into either the locked or the unlocked posit-ion and to hold said arm in eitherof said positions. A U shaped spring is here shown held against horizontal movement between the two lugs F F, a flange J rising from the rear of the bottom plate be tween said lugs, and two projections K K upon the forward edge of the bottom plate and adjacent to the inner surfaces of said lugs. The spring I is seen in Fig. l, the upper portion being broken away to show the lower. Said lower portion has a tongue iextending forward between the projections K K to prevent the rear portion of the spring from being raised by the downward pressure of the locking-arm as the latter is swung for- 'ward or backward.

The principal advantages of this sash-lock are its compact form, its neat and pleasing appearance, its great simplicity, making it easy and economical to manufacture and durable and not likely to get out of order when in use, and especially the great ease and simplicity of its operation and the evident and distinctive difference in the appearance of the lock in its locked and unlocked positions. To look the parts, the lever is simply pulled forward, and to unlock the same it is thrown backward. In the locked position the lever as seen from the inside of the window lies within the outlines of the other portions of the lock and is not noticeable,whereas in the unlocked position it extends directly upward from the remainder of the lock and constitutes the most prominent feature thereof. It is practically impossible for any person, even if possessed of no mechanical talent whatever, to forget that when the lever is thrown backward and upward the lock is unlocked and that when it is thrown forward and downward the lock is locked. This makes it possible to determine at a glance whether the windows are fastenedor not, which the average person cannot do if the only difference is caused by swinging the handle from right to left, or vice versa.

It is obvious that the specific form, construction, and arrangement of the various parts of the lock maybe varied greatly without departing from the essential features thereof, and I therefore desire not to limit myself to the preferred construction herein shown and described in any of these particulars.

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. A sash-lock having a back plate provided with a locking-arm pivoted near its front edge to swing forward in a plane substantially transverse to the meeting-rails of the sash, and a front plate provided with a vertical flange upon its rear edge extending upward to a point above and approximately in the vertical plane of the pivot when the arm is locked, said locking-arm being formed with a segmental hook having an undercurve substantially parallel to its pivot and adapted to engage when locked with the top of the vertical flange; substantially as described.

2. In a meeting-rail sash-lock the combination with a front plate having a vertical flange upon its rear edge, of a back plate having a locking-arm pivoted to swing forward in a plane substantially transverse to the meeting-rails and upon a pivot below and approximately in the vertical plane of the top of the flange upon the front plate, said locking-arm being provided with a hook having an internal surface substantially parallel with the arm-pivot and .curved in the plane of the arms movement, the rear portion of said curved surface being substantially concentric with the arm-pivot and the forward portion being eccentric thereto and receding forwardly therefrom; substantially as described.

3. The combination with the plate, D, having the swinging arm, H, provided with a squared lower end pivoted to said plate near the front thereof, of the spring, I, bearing upon said squared surfaces alternately and held in a socket in the plate formed by Vertical flanges or lugs thereupon on the sides and in the rear and by the lugs, 70, 7c, in front, said spring being formed with a tongue, 2', extending between said lugs 7t, and giving a more forwardly-extending bearing for the spring upon said plate; substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at Chicago, Illinois, this 3d day ofJanuary, A. D. 1898.

JOSEPH R. PAYSON.

Witnesses:

II. BITNER, CHAS. O. SHERVEY. 

